These days I am almost tired of memorizing biology theories. Darwin`s Evolution and natural selection theories are proved and welcomed in the world. However, there seems to be something natural in our life which contradicts to the well-known ideas,how can we tell the reason why goodness to others is evolved among us and other animals in the world?
Darwin saw the little worker bees that sacrificed themselves to protect their hives-the ultimate example of animal altruism.If his ideas on natural selection were correct( indeed it is correct),then this sort of altruism should be extraordinary rare in nature.If increased reproductive success is what drives the evolution of behaviour then altruists should disappear.
A solution to this conundrum was really a hit.In modern language, within Darwin`s theory,, we would say the worker bees were indirectly saving copies of their own genes-copies that just happen to reside within their blood kin.
I believe human beings are willing to do good to others and we do things with scientific explanations behind.
Firstly, according to Hamilton`s useful mathematical equation, we get to know that whenever the multiplication between the genetic relatedness among individuals and the benefit that a beneficiary obtained is greater than the cost of act of goodness,goodness among ourselves is evolved.
Next, Hamilton`s Rule does not explain all altruism and why we do good to others.Another large chunk of goodness falls under the category of reciprocity.Individuals are sometimes willing to be altruistic to someone now in the expectation that they will, be helped when they need it. There could be no better examples rather than corruption t illustrate this idea. One man give bribery to his superiors because the man with more power can help him get more benefit more than the money he has sent out.As a result of this, reciprocity also plays a role of guiding men for offering goodness,which is in a more complex and social way.
There will always be answers to the problems. If goodness is a problem,we can resolve it from the rather benefit side. Moreover, underlying benefit is always the motivation to humans` sacrification for others.
Sunday, April 19, 2009
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